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Sandhya Selvakumar: Guide to Stroke Classification and Rehabilitation
Nov 10, 2026, 05:55

Sandhya Selvakumar: Guide to Stroke Classification and Rehabilitation

Sandhya Selvakumar, Student at PPG College of Physiotherapy, shared a post on LinkedIn:

“Definition:

Stroke is a sudden neurological deficit caused by interruption of blood supply to the brain or rupture of a blood vessel, resulting in brain tissue damage.

Types of Stroke:

1. Ischemic Stroke (80–85%)

  • Caused by blockage of a cerebral blood vessel.
  • Due to thrombosis or embolism.

2. Hemorrhagic Stroke (15–20%)

  • Caused by rupture of a blood vessel.
  • Leads to bleeding inside or around the brain.

Types:

Intracerebral hemorrhage.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Diagnosis:

  • Medical history and physical examination.
  • Neurological examination.
  • CT scan of the brain.
  • MRI brain.
  • CT angiography (CTA).
  • Blood tests (blood glucose, CBC, coagulation profile).
  • ECG.

Clinical Features:

  • Sudden weakness or paralysis (Hemiplegia).
  • Facial drooping.
  • Difficulty in speaking (Aphasia).
  • Difficulty in swallowing (Dysphagia).
  • Loss of balance and coordination.
  • Visual disturbances.
  • Severe headache (especially in hemorrhagic stroke).
  • Altered consciousness.
  • Sensory disturbances.

Management:

  • Medical Management
  • Thrombolytic therapy (e.g., alteplase) for eligible ischemic stroke patients.
  • Mechanical thrombectomy in selected patients.
  • Antiplatelet drugs.
  • Blood pressure management.
  • Management of blood glucose and complications.
  • Neurosurgery in selected hemorrhagic strokes.
  • B. Physiotherapy Management
  • Proper positioning.
  • Passive and active range of motion exercises.
  • Bed mobility training.
  • Sitting and standing balance exercises.
  • Transfer training.
  • Gait training.
  • Muscle strengthening exercises.
  • Functional activities training.
  • Activities of daily living (ADL) training.”

Sandhya Selvakumar

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