Mark-Anthony Johnson: Blood Type Awareness and Emergency Transfusion
Mark-Anthony Johnson, CEO at JIC Holdings, shared post on LinkedIn:
“Do you know your blood type in an emergency?
While exact, real-time global statistics on how many people know their blood type are not explicitly tracked, evidence suggests a significant portion of the world’s population does not know this information, particularly in developing nations.
Type A blood:
Only 1 in 16 people have type A negative blood. This means that A negative blood can be donated to anyone with a blood type of A or AB regardless of the positive or negative.
If you have A negative blood, you can only receive A negative or O negative blood.
1 in 3 people are type A positive, making it one of the most common blood types.
A positive blood is in high demand because it is present in a large percentage of the population.
Chemotherapy patients have a high demand for platelets from those with A positive blood.
Type B blood:
Less than 2 percent of the population has type B negative blood while about 9 percent has B positive blood.
B negative red blood cells can be given to both B and AB patients.
B negative patients can only receive blood from other B negative donors or from type O negative donors, who are the universal donors. Both of these types are fairly rare.
B positive red blood cells can be given to both B positive and AB positive patients.
B positive patients can receive blood from B positive, B negative, O positive and O negative donors.
Type AB blood:
Less than 1 percent of the U.S. population has type AB negative blood, making it the least common blood type among Americans.
Patients with AB negative blood type can receive red blood cells from all negative blood types.
Less than 4 percent of the U.S. population has AB positive blood.
AB positive blood is known as the ‘universal recipient’ because AB positive patients can receive red blood cells from all blood types.
Type AB blood is the only universal plasma donor. This means that type AB plasma transfusions can be given immediately, without losing precious time determining if the patient’s blood type is compatible.
Type O blood:
Only 7 percent of the population has type O negative blood, while 38 percent has O positive blood, the most common blood type.
O negative is the universal blood type. O positive red blood cells are not universally compatible to all types, but they are compatible to any red blood cells that are positive (A positive, B positive, O positive and AB positive).
Patients with type O negative blood can only receive O negative blood. Similarly, those with O positive blood can only receive transfusions from O positive or O negative blood types.
In major traumas, many hospitals transfuse O positive blood when O negative isn’t available, even when the patient’s blood type is unknown. The risk of reaction is much lower in ongoing blood loss situations and O positive is more available than O negative. Because of their use during emergencies, O blood types are the first to run out during a shortage.
Over 80 percent of the population has a positive blood type and can receive O positive blood. That’s another reason it’s in such high demand.
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