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February, 2026
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Kalyan Roy: When and Why Blood Irradiation Matters in Transfusion Medicine
Feb 23, 2026, 16:16

Kalyan Roy: When and Why Blood Irradiation Matters in Transfusion Medicine

Kalyan Roy, Transfusion Medicine Specialist at Square Hospitals Ltd., shared a post on LinkedIn:

Irradiation of Blood Components

Purpose:

  • Blood irradiation is performed to prevent Transfusion-Associated Graft-versus-Host Disease (TA-GVHD) — a rare but highly fatal (>90%) complication caused by donor T-lymphocytes attacking the recipient.

Mechanism:

  • Gamma or X-ray irradiation inactivates donor T-lymphocytes by stopping their ability to proliferate.

It does NOT:

  • Sterilize blood
  • Replace leukoreduction
  • Affect ABO compatibility

Who Needs It:

  • Immunocompromised patients (e.g., hematology/oncology)
  • Stem cell transplant recipients
  • Congenital immunodeficiency cases
  • Intrauterine and certain neonatal transfusions
  • Patients receiving blood from relatives (due to shared HLA)

Key Considerations:

  • Must be used selectively based on risk
  • Overuse can reduce RBC shelf life (↑ potassium leakage)
  • Underuse can lead to fatal outcomes

Core Message:

  • Irradiation is a critical but often unnoticed safety measure in transfusion medicine—its importance becomes evident only when it prevents life-threatening complications.”

Kalyan Roy: When and Why Blood Irradiation Matters in Transfusion Medicine

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