W. Alberto Sifuentes Giraldo: Non-Criteria Manifestations of Antiphospholipid Syndrome
W. Alberto Sifuentes Giraldo, Rheumatologist at Hospital Nuestra Señora de Sonsoles (Sacyl), shared a post on X:
”Although the classification criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) classically require the presence of a thrombotic event in the venous vascular territory (e.g., deep vein thrombosis) or arterial territory (e.g., myocardial infarction, stroke), or recurrent fetal loss, this does not mean that patients with positive antiphospholipid antibodies who do not meet these criteria do not have this disorder.
The spectrum of APS manifestations is broad and encompasses several other symptoms that are not criteria, such as cutaneous manifestations including livedo reticularis, necrotic ulcers, pseudovasculitic lesions, digital gangrene, and splinter hemorrhages, among others.
The presence of antiphospholipid antibodies can also be associated with other symptoms, such as thrombocytopenia, valvular heart disease, epilepsy, or transverse myelitis. Furthermore, it carries an increased risk of other autoimmune disorders. In half of the cases, APS is associated with other autoimmune rheumatic diseases, the most frequent being systemic lupus erythematosus.
Non-Criteria Manifestations of Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS). Adapted from: Pires da Rosa G, Espinosa G, Cervera R.
Non-criteria manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome: an overview. Span J Med. 2021;1(2).”

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