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Arrigo Francesco Giuseppe Cicero: Why Earlier LDL-C Lowering May Matter in Cardiovascular Prevention
Arrigo Francesco Giuseppe Cicero/magazine.unibo.it
Sep 27, 2026, 03:08

Arrigo Francesco Giuseppe Cicero: Why Earlier LDL-C Lowering May Matter in Cardiovascular Prevention

Arrigo Francesco Giuseppe Cicero, Head of the Clinical Lipidology and Cardiovascular Prevention Laboratory at the University of Bologna, shared a post on LinkedIn:

“Hey, what if the best time to lower LDL-C is before cardiovascular risk becomes high?

In primary prevention, lipid-lowering therapy is often delayed because the short-term absolute benefit may appear modest.

But a NEW systematic review and meta-analysis suggests an important — and perhaps counterintuitive — perspective.

Across 17 randomized trials involving 105,879 participants, the relative cardiovascular benefit associated with each 1 mmol/L reduction in LDL-C was greater in populations with lower baseline event rates.

At an annual cardiovascular event rate of:

  • 1% leads to a 36% relative risk reduction per 1 mmol/L LDL-C lowering
  • 3% leads to a 13% relative risk reduction per 1 mmol/L LDL-C lowering

And the LDL-C reduction estimated to achieve a 25% relative risk reduction increased markedly as baseline risk rose:

0.36 mmol/L at 1%/year risk vs 3.09 mmol/L at 3%/year risk

Why does this matter?

Because our traditional prevention strategy tends to intensify treatment as cardiovascular risk increases.

But by the time risk is high, atherosclerosis may already be more advanced — and substantially greater LDL-C reductions may be needed to achieve the same proportional benefit.

These findings support a different way of thinking about prevention:

TREATING EARLIER MAY ALLOW US TO DO MORE WITH LESS!!!

Not because lower-risk individuals necessarily have greater absolute benefit, but because LDL-C lowering may produce a greater proportional reduction in cardiovascular events before risk — and atherosclerotic burden — accumulate.

  • Earlier prevention matters.
  • Cumulative LDL-C exposure matters.

We should not always wait for cardiovascular risk to become high before acting.

Perhaps the question should not only be ‘How high is the risk today?’

But also:

‘How much risk could we prevent by starting earlier?'”

Arrigo Francesco Giuseppe Cicero: Why Earlier LDL-C Lowering May Matter in Cardiovascular Prevention

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Arrigo Cicero Arrigo Francesco Giuseppe Cicero Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular Disease Cardiovascular Health Cardiovascular Prevention cardiovascular risk Cholesterol Clinical Lipidology Heart Disease Hemostasis News Hemostasis Today LDL Cholesterol LDL-C Lipid Lowering Lipid Management preventive cardiology Primary Prevention University of Bologna
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