Kirk Brown: How to Manage a GI Bleeding Emergency
Kirk Brown, Nocturnist Physician, shared a post on LinkedIn:
“A GI bleed at 2 AM is a very different problem than a GI bleed at 2 PM.
The patient may be the same.
The bleeding may be the same.
But the logistics can be completely different.
At 2 AM, a patient suddenly develops hematemesis or large-volume melena.
Their blood pressure is dropping.
Their hemoglobin is falling.
And then you notice they’re taking apixaban.
Now the nocturnist has several decisions to make—quickly.
Do I activate the massive transfusion protocol?
Does GI need to come in now?
Does IR need to be alerted?
Does this patient need the ICU?
And:
Should I reverse the anticoagulant?
Reversal isn’t simply a checkbox.
You have to consider the severity of bleeding, the anticoagulant involved, timing of the last dose, likelihood of ongoing drug effect, and the patient’s risk of thrombosis.
At the same time, definitive treatment may require resources that aren’t immediately at the bedside.
GI may need to perform urgent endoscopy.
If endoscopic therapy isn’t successful—or isn’t the right approach—IR may become critical for embolization.
And the nocturnist is often the person coordinating the pieces while simultaneously managing the patient’s airway, hemodynamics, transfusion, medications and disposition.
That’s one of the unique challenges of night medicine.
You’re not just treating the emergency.
You’re anticipating what the emergency might become.
At 2 AM, recognizing that a patient may need GI, IR, blood bank, anesthesia or the ICU before they are crashing can make all the difference.
That’s nocturnist medicine.
Manage what’s happening now.
Anticipate what’s coming next.”
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