Lama Samia: Biochemical Cascade of Myocardial Infarction
Lama Samia, Medical Image Classification and Imaging Researcher at Biomedical Optics and Ultrasound Laboratory (BOUL) Toronto, Canada shared a post on LinkedIn:
“Biochemistry behind a heart attack
A heart attack (myocardial infarction) isn’t just a ‘blocked artery’- it’s a biochemical cascade inside the heart.
When blood flow stops, cardiomyocytes lose oxygen, which leads to failure of ATP production, which in turn causes ion pumps to collapse, resulting in calcium overload and ultimately leading to cell death.
How do we detect this early?
Lab tests reveal the story:
Key biomarkers:
- Troponin I/T– Released from damaged heart cells. Most sensitive and specific
- CK-MB – Indicates cardiac muscle injury; useful for reinfarction detection.
- Myoglobin– Rises quickly; an early warning signal
- LDH1 – Appears later; confirms MI if patient presents late.
- H-FABP – Early detection of subtle cardiac injury.
Other important markers:
- BNP and NT-proBNP indicate heart strain.
- CRP indicates inflammation.
- Electrolytes (K⁺, Ca²⁺) lead to Assess risk of arrhythmia
Timeline of biomarker release guides diagnosis depending on when the patient arrives!
Heart attacks are time – sensitive emergencies!
Understanding their biochemical footprint helps doctors intervene faster and save lives.”
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