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RBC Units and Hemolysis: The Quality Indicator that Says it All
Dec 12, 2025, 06:30

RBC Units and Hemolysis: The Quality Indicator that Says it All

Maxime Dely, Sales and Application Specialist in Therapeutic Apheresis and Cell Therapy, posted on LinkedIn:

”RBC Units and Hemolysis: the quality indicator that says it all

Red Blood Cell (RBC) concentrates are among the most sensitive blood components. Their integrity is shaped at every step of the transfusion chain – and hemolysis remains the most telling indicator of overall product quality.

International guidelines are clear:

• ≤ 0.8 % hemolysis at end of storage (European standards)
• ≤ 1 5according to AABB guidelines

These thresholds highlight the importance of protecting the erythrocyte membrane from cumulative stress.

1. Mechanical factors

Red cells are highly sensitive to physical stress:

• Too fast transfer of the RBC concentrate through the break-away cannula
• Kinking of the tubing during component separation
• Overly aggressive or poorly calibrated centrifugation
• Wrong sampling procedure

Such mechanical stresses create micro-lesions that can significantly increase hemolysis during storage.

2. Thermal factors

Thermal control is critical:

• Storage temperature too low
• Repeated fluctuations in the cold chain
• Thermal shock during collection or environmental transitions

Rapid variations weaken membrane stability and increase permeability.

3. Storage-related factors

Over time, several changes accumulate:

• Insufficient mixing with anticoagulant during collection
• Medium acidification
• Increased oxidative stress
• Reduced ATP levels, essential for membrane flexibility and resilience

Controlling hemolysis means protecting the RBC unit at every moment. A small percentage… that speaks volumes about quality.”

Hemolysis

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