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Marwa Mostafa: The Paradox of Sideroblastic Anemia
Sep 11, 2026, 15:55

Marwa Mostafa: The Paradox of Sideroblastic Anemia

Marwa Mostafa, Clinical Pathologist at Al-Esraa Medical Center, shared a post on LinkedIn:

“Sideroblastic Anemia

Microcytosis plus high iron? Think beyond iron deficiency.

Sideroblastic anemia is a fascinating example of how anemia can result not from a lack of iron, but from a problem using it.

In this infographic, we explore:

What happens?

Iron is available — often increased — but defective heme synthesis prevents its proper incorporation into hemoglobin.

The laboratory pattern

  • low Hb
  • low MCV (often)
  • high Serum iron
  • high Ferritin
  • high TSAT
  • low/normal TIBC

The key bone marrow finding

Ring sideroblasts — erythroid precursors with iron-laden mitochondria surrounding the nucleus.

Common causes

MDS, alcohol, vitamin B6 deficiency, lead toxicity, certain medications, and congenital forms.

Clinical Pearl:

  • Iron deficiency: not enough iron.
  • Sideroblastic anemia: iron is present, but heme synthesis is defective.

The iron is there — the problem is using it.”

Marwa Mostafa: The Paradox of Sideroblastic Anemia

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