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Archil Jaliashvili: Oxygen’s Journey – 6 Critical Steps to Power the Cell

Archil Jaliashvili/LinkedIn

Mar 23, 2026, 17:45

Archil Jaliashvili: Oxygen’s Journey – 6 Critical Steps to Power the Cell

Archil Jaliashvili, Co-owner, General Manager of SkinAI, Co-Chief Executive Officer at GeoBio Pharm, shared a post on LinkedIn:

”Oxygen’s Journey: 6 Critical Steps to Power the Cell

We measure SpO₂, PaO₂, or hemoglobin and assume oxygen delivery to cell is solved.
Reality check: these are only the first links in a complex chain.

Oxygen in the lungs and blood does not guarantee tissue oxygenation.

Here’s the full path – from air to mitochondria:

Air to Lungs
Oxygen must enter the lungs and diffuse into the bloodstream.
Lungs to Blood (Hemoglobin Loading)
Hemoglobin binds and carries oxygen efficiently.
Blood to Circulation
The cardiovascular system must deliver oxygenated blood to tissues.
Circulation to Contact with Tissue
Blood reaches the capillaries, but oxygen must transfer into the tissue.
Tissue to Inside the Cell
Hemoglobin must release oxygen so it reaches the cellular environment.
Inside the Cell to Mitochondria
Cells finally use oxygen to produce energy.

So what are we really measuring? And what about terminology Ischemia, Anemiaand Hypoxia?

SpO₂ and Hb only capture step 3 – delivery potential and availability.

But guess what: if circulation is impaired (general or localized), or hemoglobin fails to release oxygen, microcirculation or endothelium is damaged, or mitochondria are dysfunctional – tissues suffer.

Uncontrolled oxygen at the mitochondrial level can even create ROS damage, making things worse.

In short: we’ve been measuring siloed metrics.
And common terminology – Anemia, Ischemia often hides the real problem.

The takeaway

Measuring only oxygen in the lungs or blood is incomplete thinking.
True oxygen delivery requires success across all six steps.
Air in to mitochondria powered. Miss any step to tissue hypoxia.

This framework is crucial for:

critical care and EMS and trauma medicine
ischemic disease management
next-generation oxygen therapeutics or better to say ONLY Therapeutic aiming to solve tissue oxygenation targeting and controlling and immediately

Because the ultimate goal is simple: Oxygen must reach the mitochondria and be used.”

Archil Jaliashvili: Oxygen’s Journey - 6 Critical Steps to Power the Cell