Archil Jaliashvili: Oxygen’s Journey – 6 Critical Steps to Power the Cell
Archil Jaliashvili, Co-owner, General Manager of SkinAI, Co-Chief Executive Officer at GeoBio Pharm, shared a post on LinkedIn:
”Oxygen’s Journey: 6 Critical Steps to Power the Cell
We measure SpO₂, PaO₂, or hemoglobin and assume oxygen delivery to cell is solved.
Reality check: these are only the first links in a complex chain.
Oxygen in the lungs and blood does not guarantee tissue oxygenation.
Here’s the full path – from air to mitochondria:
- Air to Lungs
Oxygen must enter the lungs and diffuse into the bloodstream. - Lungs to Blood (Hemoglobin Loading)
Hemoglobin binds and carries oxygen efficiently. - Blood to Circulation
The cardiovascular system must deliver oxygenated blood to tissues. - Circulation to Contact with Tissue
Blood reaches the capillaries, but oxygen must transfer into the tissue. - Tissue to Inside the Cell
Hemoglobin must release oxygen so it reaches the cellular environment. - Inside the Cell to Mitochondria
Cells finally use oxygen to produce energy.
So what are we really measuring? And what about terminology Ischemia, Anemiaand Hypoxia?
SpO₂ and Hb only capture step 3 – delivery potential and availability.
But guess what: if circulation is impaired (general or localized), or hemoglobin fails to release oxygen, microcirculation or endothelium is damaged, or mitochondria are dysfunctional – tissues suffer.
Uncontrolled oxygen at the mitochondrial level can even create ROS damage, making things worse.
In short: we’ve been measuring siloed metrics.
And common terminology – Anemia, Ischemia often hides the real problem.
The takeaway
- Measuring only oxygen in the lungs or blood is incomplete thinking.
- True oxygen delivery requires success across all six steps.
- Air in to mitochondria powered. Miss any step to tissue hypoxia.
This framework is crucial for:
- critical care and EMS and trauma medicine
- ischemic disease management
- next-generation oxygen therapeutics or better to say ONLY Therapeutic aiming to solve tissue oxygenation targeting and controlling and immediately
Because the ultimate goal is simple: Oxygen must reach the mitochondria and be used.”
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